Cov Xov Xwm Veterinary: Ua ntej hauv kev tshawb fawb Avian khaub thuas

Xov xwm 01

Thawj qhov kev kuaj pom ntawm H4N6 subtype ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas avian nyob rau hauv mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) hauv Ixayees

Avishai Lublin, Nikki Thie, Irina Shkoda, Luba Simanov, Gila Kahila Bar-Gal, Yigal Farnoushi, Roni King, Wayne M Getz, Pauline L Kamath, Rauri CK Bowie, Ran Nathan

PIB: 35687561;DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14610

Tus kab mob khaub thuas Avian (AIV) ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tsiaj thiab tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thoob ntiaj teb. Raws li cov tsiaj qus kis tau AIV thoob ntiaj teb, kev tshawb xyuas qhov muaj ntau ntawm AIV hauv cov tsiaj qus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog kab mob sib kis thiab kwv yees kab mob tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj hauv tsev thiab tib neeg. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, H4N6 subtype AIV raug cais thawj zaug los ntawm cov qauv faecal ntawm cov tsiaj qus ntsuab (Anas platyrhynchos) hauv Ixayees. phylogenetic cov txiaj ntsig ntawm HA thiab NA cov noob qhia tias cov kab mob no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog European thiab Asian cais. Raws li cov neeg Ixayees nyob raws li Middle Arctic-African txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, nws tau xav tias qhov kev mob tshwm sim yog qhia los ntawm cov noog tsiv teb tsaws. Phylogenetic tsom xam ntawm kev cais cov noob hauv cov noob (PB1, PB2, PA, NP, M thiab NS) tau qhia txog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm phylogenetic ntsig txog lwm yam AIV subtypes, qhia tias qhov kev tshwm sim yav dhau los tau tshwm sim hauv qhov kev sib cais no. Qhov H4N6 subtype ntawm AIV no muaj qhov sib xyaw ua ke siab, tuaj yeem kis tau tus npua noj qab haus huv thiab khi tib neeg receptors, thiab tej zaum yuav ua rau mob zoonotic yav tom ntej.

Xov xwm 02

Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm tus mob khaub thuas avian hauv EU, Lub Peb Hlis-Lub Rau Hli 2022

European Food Safety Authority, European Center for Disease Prevention and Control, European Union Reference Laboratory rau Avian Influenza

PMID: 35949938; PMCID: PMC9356771; DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7415

Xyoo 2021-2022, cov kab mob ua npaws uas muaj kab mob ua npaws ntau heev (HPAI) yog qhov mob hnyav tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, nrog rau 2,398 tus kabmob avian hauv 36 lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe uas ua rau 46 lab tus noog raug tua. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm 16 Lub Peb Hlis thiab 10 Lub Rau Hli 2022, tag nrho ntawm 28 EU / EEA lub teb chaws thiab UK 1 182 hom kab mob ua rau mob khaub thuas ua npaws (HPAIV) raug cais tawm ntawm nqaij qaib (750 tus neeg), tsiaj qus (410 tus neeg) thiab cov noog raug kaw (22. cas). Thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj xyuas, 86% ntawm cov nqaij qaib tshwm sim vim yog kev sib kis ntawm HPAIV, nrog Fabkis suav txog 68% ntawm tag nrho cov nqaij qaib kis, Hungary rau 24% thiab lwm lub tebchaws cuam tshuam tsawg dua 2% txhua. Lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj tus kabmob kis ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov noog qus (158 tus neeg), tom qab ntawd yog Netherlands (98 tus neeg) thiab UK (48 tus neeg).

Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam caj ces qhia tias HPAIV tam sim no muaj nyob hauv Europe feem ntau yog spectrum 2.3.4 b. Txij li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm dhau los, plaub H5N6, ob H9N2 thiab ob H3N8 tib neeg kis tau raug tshaj tawm hauv Suav teb thiab ib tus neeg kis tus kabmob H5N1 tau tshaj tawm hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob tau raug ntsuas qis rau cov pej xeem thiab qis mus rau nruab nrab rau cov neeg ua haujlwm raug mob hauv EU / EEA.

 Xov xwm 03

Kev hloov pauv ntawm residues 127, 183 thiab 212 ntawm HA gene cuam tshuam

Antigenicity, replication thiab pathogenicity ntawm H9N2 avian influenza virus

Menglu Fan,Bing Liang,Yongzhen Zhao,Yaping Zhang,Qingzheng Liu,Miao Tian,Yiqing Zheng,Huizi Xia,Yog Suzuki,Hualan Chen,Jihui Ping

PIB: 34724348; DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14363

H9N2 subtypes ntawm avian influenza virus (AIV) yog ib qho ntawm cov subtypes loj cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kev lag luam nqaij qaib. Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, ob hom kab mob H9N2 subtype AIV nrog cov keeb kwm caj ces zoo sib xws tab sis txawv antigenicity, npe hu ua A/chicken/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) thiab A/chicken/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76), yog cais tawm ntawm ib tug qaib ua liaj ua teb. Kev soj ntsuam ib ntus tau pom tias JS / 75 thiab JS / 76 sib txawv hauv peb cov amino acid residues (127, 183 thiab 212) ntawm haemagglutinin (HA). Txhawm rau tshawb nrhiav qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv roj ntsha ntawm JS / 75 thiab JS / 76, rau cov kab mob sib kis tau raug tsim los ntawm kev siv cov caj ces rov qab nrog A / Puerto Rico / 8 / 1934 (PR8) ua cov saw tseem ceeb. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas nqaij qaib thiab HI kev sim tau pom tias r-76 / PR8 tau nthuav tawm cov lus tshaj tawm antigenic khiav tawm vim amino acid hloov ntawm txoj haujlwm 127 thiab 183 hauv HA gene. Cov kev tshawb fawb ntxiv tau lees paub tias glycosylation ntawm 127N qhov chaw tshwm sim hauv JS / 76 thiab nws cov mutants. Receptor binding assays pom tias tag nrho cov kab mob recombinant, tshwj tsis yog 127N glycosylation-tsis muaj mutant, nkag mus rau humanoid receptors. Kev loj hlob kinetics thiab nas nres kev soj ntsuam pom tau hais tias tus kab mob 127N-glycosylated replicated tsawg dua hauv A549 hlwb thiab tsis tshua muaj kab mob hauv nas piv rau cov kab mob qus. Yog li, glycosylation thiab amino acid kev hloov pauv hauv HA gene yog lub luag haujlwm rau qhov sib txawv ntawm antigenicity thiab pathogenicity ntawm 2 H9N2 hom.

Tau qhov twg los: Tuam Tshoj Tsiaj Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kab Mob Kab Mob Center